足球合同里有什么？薪水、附加条款、转会费、解约金等等

顶级足球运动员是地球上薪酬最高的工人之一，这意味着他们的合同很可能很长、复杂，并且充满了法律术语，普通公众可能难以理解。因此，以下是一些关于它们如何组成的指南。

挪威足球球探托尔-克里斯蒂安·卡尔森（Tor-Kristian Karlsen）曾任摩纳哥首席执行官兼体育总监，他对此进行了详细解释。

尽管英国媒体通常以周薪报道球员的工资，但绝大多数职业足球运动员的工资都是按月支付的。这并不是说不存在例外——支付结构完全由俱乐部和球员决定——但从经济角度来看，这更合理。

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倾向于规定每周金额可能是过去的一种遗留现象，当时球员最常被按周支付工资。但在其他国家（例如意大利），媒体通常只公布年度总额并引用净额，而英超联赛的薪水通常是毛额（税前）。

与激励相关的付款有各种各样的形式。许多俱乐部坚持一套固定的制度，即首发上场会获得一定金额，替补出场则获得较少的费用（通常是首发阵容的30%-50%）。一些精明的俱乐部可能会为替补出场制定基于分钟数的制度，主要是为了减少战术（或浪费时间）换人的成本，尤其是在比赛即将结束时。

总的来说，俱乐部有自己的模式来鼓励良好的表现。但由于奖金方案可能很灵活，而且往往构成新签约球员快速获得意外收入的“细节”，球员的经纪人会坚持要求出场费，确保其客户能最快获得意外之财，而首席执行官或老板则会坚持现有的结构。

其他个人奖金（如守门员或后卫的零封奖金，或进攻球员的助攻或进球奖金）确实存在，但豪门球队往往会认为这是不必要的开支。既然已经就赢球或积分（个人或集体）的奖金达成了协议，对于一名职业球员来说，无论如何都应该尽最大努力做好自己的本职工作。

达到预先商定的目标（如赢得联赛冠军、杯赛冠军或欧洲资格，或留在保级球队）的成就奖金更有可能通过集体谈判达成，通常由队长（或队长小组）代表球员团队行事。在许多情况下，精明的球员可以在个人协议中插入额外的成就支付，从而在赢得奖杯时获得可观的双重收益。

有时会出现一些更奇特的协议。例如，为一名顶级球星提名金球奖（Ballon d'Or）的额外奖金（据报道，曼联曾为安东尼·马夏尔（Anthony Martial）设定了这一条款）可能对顶级俱乐部来说并不是一个重大的让步，但根据球员的地位及其在职业生涯某个阶段赢得该奖项的可能性，可能会引起人们的关注。

“最高薪资匹配”条款也可能出现在谈判桌上。通常情况下，这种情况更多地出现在金字塔顶端，这种安排使相关球员获得与新签约球员相同的加薪待遇。

偶尔也会有一些知名教练希望确保永久的高薪地位，并将此条款纳入他们自己的合同中。当然，这可能会阻止一家俱乐部去追求他们知道会扰乱现有工资结构的明星球员，因此必须事先仔细考虑。

球员的基本工资通常保持不变，除非他们超出预期——在这种 case, 球员的经纪人肯定会敲响俱乐部 door 的 door to knock on the door of the club with a request for improved terms that are often backed up by an extension.

Unlike normal working contracts, footballers are not generally subject to inflationary yearly increases. Partly because the money is substantial enough anyway and partly because the contracts are limited to a relatively short timespan of a few years. Either a contract will get renegotiated, or new deals are negotiated at another destination.

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In short, transfer spending is spread out over the entire contractual period. It's called "amortisation. This means a €100m signing, who joined a four-year contract, will show up as a cost of €25m, €20m per year.

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